Spatial and temporal patterns in the abundance and biomass of parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) along the north coast of the Dominican Republic
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Published
Jul 25, 2024
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Abstract
Coral reefs in the Dominican Republic have declined rapidly due to global and local threats. Commercial extraction of parrotfish (Scarus spp. and Sparisoma spp.) has potentially led to a rapid reduction in herbivore populations in the DR, and concomitantly a coral reef decline due to the importance of these organisms to control macroalgal growth. To tackle this problem, the Dominican environmental authorities established parrotfish bans in 2017, 2021, and 2023 for two years each. However, the need for baselines to understand the natural spatial and temporal variation of these assemblages hampers any attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of these bans. In this paper, we present the results of a monitoring program to assess spatial and temporal variability of parrotfish assemblages across various spatial scales along the northern coast of the Dominican Republic. For this, we used a nested hierarchical design encompassing two spatial scales: (1) locality (hundreds of km) as a random factor with three levels (Punta Rucia, Sosúa, and Samaná) and (2) sites (hundreds of m) nested in the locality (three reef sites per locality) monitored at least three times a year (i.e., every four months). At each site, five 30x2 m belt transects deployed haphazardly into each reef were monitored to count parrotfish using the AGGRA protocol. Temporal trends of parrotfish assemblages were variable at the scale of sites for 2021 (Permanova, df = 8, F = 2.3573, p level = 0.001, CV = 19.51) and 2022 (Permanova, df = 4, F = 2.7869, p level = 0.001, CV = 20.97) further indicating that these assemblages are highly dynamic in space and time. Our results highlight the importance of taking spatial and temporal variability as an essential factor in designing better and more efficient bans to protect herbivorous fish in the Dominican Republic.
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herbivorous fish, coral reefs, monitoring, fish ban, central Caribbean
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Clarke, K. R., & Warwick, R. M. (2001). Change in marine communities. An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation, 2, 1–168.
Cortés-Useche, C., Calle-Triviño, J., Sellares-Blasco, R., Luis-Báez, A., & Arias-González, J. E. (2018). An updated checklist of the reef fishes of the Southeastern Reefs Marine Sanctuary of the Dominican Republic. Revista mexicana de biodiversidad, 89(2), 382–392. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2018.2.2149
Cortés-Useche, C., Muñiz-Castillo, A. I., Calle-Triviño, J., Yathiraj, R., & Arias-González, J. E. (2019). Reef condition and protection of coral diversity and evolutionary history in the marine protected areas of Southeastern Dominican Republic. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 32, 100893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2019.100893
Croquer, A., Zambrano S., Irazabal, I., & Torres, R. (2022). Factores globales y locales que inciden sobre la degradación de los arrecifes coralinos: una revisión para la República Dominicana. AULA Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, 68(1), 31–60.
Davis, K., Carlson, P. M., Lowe, C. G., Warner, R. R., & Caselle, J. E. (2017). Parrotfish movement patterns vary with spatiotemporal scale. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 577, 149–164. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12174
Ecoutin, J. M., Simier, M., Albaret, J. J., Laë, R., Raffray, J., Sadio, O., & de Morais, L. T. (2014). Ecological field experiment of short-term effects of fishing ban on fish assemblages in a tropical estuarine MPA. Ocean & Coastal Management, 100, 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.08.009
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Zambrano, S., Croquer, A., Evangelista, D. Y., King, S., Delance, J., & Romero-Mujalli, D. (2024). Spatial and temporal patterns in the abundance and biomass of parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) along the north coast of the Dominican Republic. Novitates Caribaea, (24), 19–36. https://doi.org/10.33800/nc.vi24.355
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