Descripción de las dinámicas de reclutas y juveniles de corales escleractínidos utilizando modelos 3D: un caso de estudio del arrecife de Cayo Mero, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Venezuela
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Publicado
ene 22, 2024
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Resumen
Comprender la dinámica de reclutamiento de corales y la etapa de asentamiento es fundamental para un mejor entendimiento de la dinámica y recuperación de los arrecifes de coral. En este experimento, estudiamos la abundancia y supervivencia de reclutas y juveniles de coral junto con la dinámica bentónica a una escala de meses y centímetros en el arrecife de Playa Mero, un arrecife perturbado en el Parque Nacional Morrocoy. Para esto, utilizamos fotogrametría para monitorear ocho cuadrantes permanentes de 50x50 cm desplegados aleatoriamente cada 3–4 meses durante un período de 18 meses. Los juveniles y reclutas de Agaricia spp. fueron al menos cuatro veces más abundantes que los de constructores de arrecifes como Orbicella spp. Un modelo lineal basado en la distancia mostró que la rugosidad, las macroalgas, la cobertura de coral y la arena eran las variables bentónicas más importantes y predijo hasta un 46% de la variación espacial y temporal de los corales jóvenes y reclutas. La mortalidad de los corales jóvenes fue mayor que las tasas netas de reclutamiento y solo se observó la presencia limitada de géneros como Agarícidos, Colpophyllias, Porites y Scolymias. Usando un modelo logístico, también encontramos una relación positiva entre la tasa de crecimiento promedio y la supervivencia de corales juveniles (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.67). Concluimos que la falta de reclutamiento de grandes constructores de arrecifes y la mortalidad rápida de un número limitado de especies podrían ser señales de una comunidad de coral fallando en la lucha por recuperar la cobertura de coral y, por lo tanto, podría haber ocurrido un cambio de fase en el arrecife estudiado.
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Palabras Clave
corales juveniles, arrecifes perturbados, fotogrametría, complejidad estructural, tasas de crecimiento, Caribe
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Box, S. J., & Mumby, P. J. (2007). Effect of macroalgal competition on growth and survival of juvenile Caribbean corals. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 342, 139–149. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps342139
Burns, J. H. R., & Delparte, D. (2017). Comparison of commercial structure-from-motion photogrammety software used for underwater three-dimensional modeling of coral reef environments. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42, 127–131.
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Chong-Seng, K. M., Graham, N. A. J., & Pratchett, M. S. (2014). Bottlenecks to coral recovery in the Seychelles. Coral Reefs, 33, 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-014-1137-2
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Mariño-Briceño, G., Cappelletto, J., Ascanio, A., Agudo-Adriani, E., & Cróquer, A. (2024). Descripción de las dinámicas de reclutas y juveniles de corales escleractínidos utilizando modelos 3D: un caso de estudio del arrecife de Cayo Mero, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Venezuela. Novitates Caribaea, (23), 51–73. https://doi.org/10.33800/nc.vi23.347
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