Describing the dynamics of recruits and juvenile scleractinian corals using 3d models: a case study from Cayo Mero reef, Morrocoy National Park, Venezuela
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Published
Jan 22, 2024
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Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of coral recruitment and post-settlement is fundamental to a better comprehension of coral reef dynamics and recovery. We studied the abundance and survivorship of coral recruits and juveniles together with benthic dynamics at a scale of months and centimeters in Playa Mero reef, a disturbed reef in Morrocoy National Park. For this, we used photogrammetry to monitor eight permanent 50x50 cm quadrats haphazardly deployed every 3–4 months over 18 months. Juveniles and recruits of Agaricia spp. were at least four times more abundant than reef builders such as Orbicella spp. A distance-based linear model showed that rugosity, macroalgae, coral cover, and sand were the most important benthic variables and predicted up to 46% of the spatial and temporal variation of recruit and juvenile corals. The mortality of juvenile corals was higher than net recruitment rates, and only a limited number of genera such as Agariciids, Colpophyllia, Porites, and Scolymia were observed as recruits. Using a logit model, we also found a positive relationship between the mean growth rate and survivorship of juvenile corals (Nagelkerke R2= 0.67). We concluded the lack of recruitment of large reef builders, and the rapid mortality of a limited number of juvenile species, might be a sign of a coral community's failure to increase coral cover.
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juvenile corals, disturbed reefs, photogrammetry, structural complexity, growth rates, Caribbean
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Bastidas, C., Croquer, A., & Bone, D. (2006). Shift of dominant species after a mass mortality on a Caribbean reef. In: Proceedings of the 10th Int. Coral Reef Sym Coral Reef Symp. Okinawa, Japan. 989–993.
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Box, S. J., & Mumby, P. J. (2007). Effect of macroalgal competition on growth and survival of juvenile Caribbean corals. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 342, 139–149. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps342139
Burns, J. H. R., & Delparte, D. (2017). Comparison of commercial structure-from-motion photogrammety software used for underwater three-dimensional modeling of coral reef environments. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42, 127–131.
Caley, M. J., Carr, M. H., Hixon, M. A., Hughes, T. P., Jones, G. P., & Menge, B. A. 1996. Recruitment and the local dynamics of open marine populations. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 27, 477–500. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.477
Carleton, J. H., & Sammarco, P. W. (1987). Effects of substratum irregularity on success of coral settlement: quantification by comparative geomorphological techniques. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40(1), 85–98.
Chong-Seng, K. M., Graham, N. A. J., & Pratchett, M. S. (2014). Bottlenecks to coral recovery in the Seychelles. Coral Reefs, 33, 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-014-1137-2
Clarke, K. R., & Gorley, R. N. (2006). PRIMER v6: Use manual/Tutorial. Plymouth: PRIMER-E Ltd.
Connell, J. H. (1961). Effects of competition, predation by Thais lapillus, and other factors on natural populations of the Barnacle Balanus balanoides. Ecological Monographs, 31(1), 61–104. https://doi.org/10.2307/1950746
Connell, J. H., Terrence, H., & Wallace, C. C. (1997). A 30-Year Study of Coral Abundance, Recruitment, and Disturbance At Several Scales in Space and Time. Ecological Monographs, 67, 461–488. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1997)067[0461:AYSOCA]2.0.CO;2
Cróquer, A., & Bone, D. (2003). Las enfermedades en corales escleractínidos: ¿Un nuevo problema en el arrecife de Cayo Sombrero, Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Venezuela? Revista de Biologia Tropical, 51, 167–172.
Croquer, A., Zambrano, S., King, S., Reyes, A., Sellares Blasco, R. I., Valdez Trinidad, A., Villalpando, M., Rodriguez-Jerez, Y., Vargas, E., Cortes-Useche, C., Blanco, M., Calle-Triviño, J., García-Camps, R., Hernández-Orquet, A., Torres, R., Irazabal, I., Díaz, L., Evangelista, Y., & Miyazawa, E. (2022). Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease and Other Diseases Affect Adults and Recruits of Major Reef Builders at Different Spatial Scales in the Dominican Republic. Gulf and Caribbean Research, 33(1), GCFI1-GCFI13.
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Mariño-Briceño, G., Cappelletto, J., Ascanio, A., Agudo-Adriani, E., & Cróquer, A. (2024). Describing the dynamics of recruits and juvenile scleractinian corals using 3d models: a case study from Cayo Mero reef, Morrocoy National Park, Venezuela. Novitates Caribaea, (23), 51–73. https://doi.org/10.33800/nc.vi23.347
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