Arcos cigomáticos completos en el perezoso Neocnus del cuaternario tardío de la provincia La Altagracia, República Dominicana
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jul 22, 2022
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Resumen
Los especímenes del perezoso extinto del género Neocnus recolectados en el noroeste de la provincia La Altagracia, Republica Dominicana, exhiben un arco cigomático único. El arco tiene el yugal fusionado anterior al maxilar y el ligamento de arco cigomático completamente osificado entre el yugal y el proceso cigomático del hueso temporal. La evidencia de la nueva osificación se ve en individuos adultos y juveniles. Esta ocurrencia también es inesperada ya que los individuos de Neocnus son 40 veces más pequeños que el siguiente género de perezosos (e.g. Nothrotheriops) con un arco secundario completo. Ninguna especie conocida de Neocnus exhibe ninguna de estas características yugulares y cigomáticas y, por lo tanto, estos especímenes pueden representar una nueva especie.
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Palabras Clave
Neocnus, paleontología, Hispaniola, morfología, yugal
Referencias
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Bargo, M. S. (2001). The ground sloth Megatherium americanum: skull shape, bite forces, and diet. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 46(2), 173–192.
Croft, D. A. (2016). Horned armadillos and rafting monkeys. Indiana University Press.
De Iuliis, G. (1996). A systematic review of the Megatheriinae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) [Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada]. https:// www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/systematic-review-megatheriinae-mammalia/ docview/304328110/se-2?accountid=40721
Delsuc, F., & Douzery, E. J. (2008). Recent advances and future prospects in xenarthran molecular phylogenetics. In S. F. Vizcaíno & W. J. Loughry (Eds.), The Biology of the Xenarthra (pp. 11–23). University Press of Florida.
Farina, R. A., Vizcaíno, S. F., & Bargo, M. S. (1998). Body mass estimations in Lujanian (late Pleistocene-early Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna. Mastozoología Neotropical, 5(2), 87–108.
Fischer, K. (1971) Riesenfaultiere (Megalonychidae, Edentata, Mammalia) aus dem Pleistozän der Plio-Domingo-Höhle in Kuba. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 20, 609–673.
MacPhee, R. D. E., White, J. L., & Woods, C. A. (2000). New megalonychid sloths (Phyllogphaga, Xenarthra) from the Quaternary of Hispaniola. American Museum Novitates, 3303, 1–32.
McAfee, R. K. (2011). Feeding Mechanics and Dietary Implications in the fossil sloth Neocnus (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megalonychidae) from Haiti. Journal of Morphology, 272(10), 1204–1216.
McAfee, R. K., & Rimoli, R. O. (2019). Easternmost occurrences of Neocnus (Mammalia, Pilosa, Megalonychidae) from the late Pleistocene–early Holocene of the Dominican Republic (Hispaniola). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 39, 3. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 02724634.2019.1624971
McDonald, H. G. (1977). Description of the osteology of the extinct gravigrade edentate Megalonyx with observations on its ontogeny, phylogeny and functional anatomy [Master’s Thesis, University of Florida].https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=es&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=McDonald%2C+H.+G.+%281977%29
Naples, V. L. (1982). Cranial osteology and function in the tree sloths, Bradypus and Choloepus. American Museum Novitates, (2739), 1–41.
Naples, V. L. (1987). Reconstruction of cranial morphology and analysis of function in the Pleistocene ground sloth Nothrotheriops shastense (Mammalia, Megatheriidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, (389), 1–21.
Naples, V. L. (1989). The feeding mechanism in the Pleistocene ground sloth, Glossotherium. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, (415), 1–23.
Naples, V. L. (1990). Morphological changes in the facial region and a model of dental growth and wear pattern development in Nothrotheriops shastensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 10(3), 372–389.
Naples, V. L. (1999). Morphology, evolution and function of feeding in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Journal of Zoology, London, (249), 19–41.
Naples, V. L., & McAfee, R. K. (2012). Reconstruction of the cranial musculature and masticatory function of the Pleistocene panamerican ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae). Historical Biology, 24(2), 187–206.
Naples, V. L., & McAfee, R. K. (2014). Chewing through the Miocene: an examination of the feeding musculature in the ground sloth Hapalops from South America. F1000 Research, 3, 86. http://f1000research.com/articles/3-86/v1
Sicher, H. (1944). Masticatory apparatus of the sloths. Fieldiana Zoology, (29), 161–168.
Silva Taboada, G., Suárez Duque, W., & Díaz Franco, S. (2007). Compendio de los mamíferos terrestres autóctonos de Cuba vivientes y extinguidos. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, La Habana, Fernwood Books, Ltd.
Wetzel, R. M. (1985). The identification and distribution of Recent Xenarthra (=Edentata). In G. G. Montgomery (Ed.), The Evolution and Ecology of Armadillos, Sloths, and Vermilinguas (pp. 5–21). Smithsonian Institution Press.
Anthony, H. E. (1926). Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Mammals of the Porto Rico, living and extinct–Rodents and Edentata. New York Academy of Sciences, 9(2), 97–241.
Bargo, M. S. (2001). The ground sloth Megatherium americanum: skull shape, bite forces, and diet. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 46(2), 173–192.
Croft, D. A. (2016). Horned armadillos and rafting monkeys. Indiana University Press.
De Iuliis, G. (1996). A systematic review of the Megatheriinae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) [Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada]. https:// www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/systematic-review-megatheriinae-mammalia/ docview/304328110/se-2?accountid=40721
Delsuc, F., & Douzery, E. J. (2008). Recent advances and future prospects in xenarthran molecular phylogenetics. In S. F. Vizcaíno & W. J. Loughry (Eds.), The Biology of the Xenarthra (pp. 11–23). University Press of Florida.
Farina, R. A., Vizcaíno, S. F., & Bargo, M. S. (1998). Body mass estimations in Lujanian (late Pleistocene-early Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna. Mastozoología Neotropical, 5(2), 87–108.
Fischer, K. (1971) Riesenfaultiere (Megalonychidae, Edentata, Mammalia) aus dem Pleistozän der Plio-Domingo-Höhle in Kuba. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 20, 609–673.
MacPhee, R. D. E., White, J. L., & Woods, C. A. (2000). New megalonychid sloths (Phyllogphaga, Xenarthra) from the Quaternary of Hispaniola. American Museum Novitates, 3303, 1–32.
McAfee, R. K. (2011). Feeding Mechanics and Dietary Implications in the fossil sloth Neocnus (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megalonychidae) from Haiti. Journal of Morphology, 272(10), 1204–1216.
McAfee, R. K., & Rimoli, R. O. (2019). Easternmost occurrences of Neocnus (Mammalia, Pilosa, Megalonychidae) from the late Pleistocene–early Holocene of the Dominican Republic (Hispaniola). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 39, 3. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 02724634.2019.1624971
McDonald, H. G. (1977). Description of the osteology of the extinct gravigrade edentate Megalonyx with observations on its ontogeny, phylogeny and functional anatomy [Master’s Thesis, University of Florida].https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=es&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=McDonald%2C+H.+G.+%281977%29
Naples, V. L. (1982). Cranial osteology and function in the tree sloths, Bradypus and Choloepus. American Museum Novitates, (2739), 1–41.
Naples, V. L. (1987). Reconstruction of cranial morphology and analysis of function in the Pleistocene ground sloth Nothrotheriops shastense (Mammalia, Megatheriidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, (389), 1–21.
Naples, V. L. (1989). The feeding mechanism in the Pleistocene ground sloth, Glossotherium. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, (415), 1–23.
Naples, V. L. (1990). Morphological changes in the facial region and a model of dental growth and wear pattern development in Nothrotheriops shastensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 10(3), 372–389.
Naples, V. L. (1999). Morphology, evolution and function of feeding in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Journal of Zoology, London, (249), 19–41.
Naples, V. L., & McAfee, R. K. (2012). Reconstruction of the cranial musculature and masticatory function of the Pleistocene panamerican ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae). Historical Biology, 24(2), 187–206.
Naples, V. L., & McAfee, R. K. (2014). Chewing through the Miocene: an examination of the feeding musculature in the ground sloth Hapalops from South America. F1000 Research, 3, 86. http://f1000research.com/articles/3-86/v1
Sicher, H. (1944). Masticatory apparatus of the sloths. Fieldiana Zoology, (29), 161–168.
Silva Taboada, G., Suárez Duque, W., & Díaz Franco, S. (2007). Compendio de los mamíferos terrestres autóctonos de Cuba vivientes y extinguidos. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, La Habana, Fernwood Books, Ltd.
Wetzel, R. M. (1985). The identification and distribution of Recent Xenarthra (=Edentata). In G. G. Montgomery (Ed.), The Evolution and Ecology of Armadillos, Sloths, and Vermilinguas (pp. 5–21). Smithsonian Institution Press.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Cómo citar
McAfee, R. K., & Almonte, J. N. (2022). Arcos cigomáticos completos en el perezoso Neocnus del cuaternario tardío de la provincia La Altagracia, República Dominicana. Novitates Caribaea, (20), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.33800/nc.vi20.301
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