Desenredando los patrones de diversidad de los escorpiones cubanos (Arachnida: Scorpiones)
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Publicado
ene 17, 2022
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Resumen
El ensamblaje de comunidades se considera a menudo como un proceso que implica la dispersión de especies procedentes de una fuente regional. Una isla oceánica brinda una oportunidad única para probar tal hipótesis y muchas otras relacionadas con los patrones y procesos detrás de la biodiversidad. Nuestro objetivo fue investigar los patrones de diversidad de los escorpiones en el archipiélago cubano, utilizando variables bióticas y abióticas y sus interacciones como características explicativas. Se utilizaron variables bióticas y abióticas relacionadas con la vegetación, el clima y la topografía que caracterizan el paisaje del archipiélago cubano. De esta forma, se analizaron los patrones de diversidad beta de los escorpiones, verificando los efectos de las variables solas y juntas. La fauna de escorpiones del archipiélago cubano comprende 61 especies, agrupadas en nueve géneros y dos familias: Buthidae y Diplocentridae. La interacción entre las variables bióticas y abióticas explicó la composición de las especies, especialmente cuando se consideraron predictores espaciales. Los predictores climáticos y espaciales afectaron la diversidad beta en términos de diferencia de riqueza. Estos patrones se discuten enfatizando el papel de las características ambientales bióticas y abióticas y sus interacciones en los mecanismos de generación y mantenimiento de la biodiversidad de los escorpiones en el archipiélago cubano.
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Palabras Clave
distribución de especies, diversidad beta, ecología del paisaje, biogeografía insular, Antillas Mayores
Referencias
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Fergnani, P. N., & A. Ruggiero. 2017. The latitudinal diversity gradient in South American mammals revisited using a regional analysis approach: The importance of climate at extra–tropical latitudes and history towards the tropics. Plos One, 12: e0184057.
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Irl, S. D. H., D. E. V. Harter, M. J. Steinbauer, D. Gallego Puyol, J. M. Fernández-Palacios, A. Jentsch, & C. Beierkuhnlein. 2015. Climate vs. topography – spatial patterns of plant species diversity and endemism on a high–elevation island. Journal of Ecology, 103: 1621–1633.
Iturralde-Vinent, M. A., & R. D. E. MacPhee. 1999. Paleogeography of the Caribbean region: Implications for Cenozoic biogeography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 238: 1–95.
Jetz, W., D. S. Wilcove, & A. P. Dobson. 2007. Projected impacts of climate and land–use change on the global diversity of birds. PLoS Biology, 5: e157.
Jiménez-Valverde, A., A. Baselga, A. Melic, & N. Txasko. 2010. Climate and regional beta-diversity gradients in spiders: dispersal capacity has nothing to say? Insect Conservation and Diversity, 3: 51–60.
Latham, J., R. Cumani, I. Rosati, & M. Bloise. 2014. Global land cover share (GLC–SHARE) database beta–release version 1.0–2014. FAO: Rome, Italy. Acessed 20 May 2019.
Legendre, P. 2014. Interpreting the replacement and richness difference components of beta diversity: Replacement and richness difference components. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23: 1324–1334.
Legendre, P., & M. J. Anderson. 1999. Distance-based redundancy analysis: testing multispecies responses in multifactorial ecological experiments. Ecological Monography, 69: 1–24.
Lira, A. F. A., R. Badillo-Montaño, A. Lira-Noriega, & C. M. R. Albuquerque. 2020. Potential distribution patterns of scorpions in north–eastern Brazil under scenarios of future climate change. Austral Ecology, 45: 215–228.
Lira, A. F. A., S. Í. A. Foerster, R. P. Salomão, T. J. Porto, C. M. R. Albuquerque, & G. J. B. Moura. 2021a. Understanding the effects of human disturbance on scorpion diversity in Brazilian tropical forests. Journal of Insect Conservation, 25: 147–158.
Lira, A. F. A., J. C. Araújo, F. N. A. A. Rego, S. Í. A. Foerster, & C. M. R. Albuquerque. 2021b. Habitat heterogeneity shapes and shifts scorpion assemblages in a Brazilian seasonal dry tropical forest. Journal of Arid Environments, 186: 104413.
Lira, A. F. A., L. M. Pordeus, R. P. Salomão, R. Badillo-Montaño, & C. M. R. Albuquerque. 2019b. Effects of anthropogenic land–use on scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) in Neotropical forests. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 39: 211–218.
Lira, A. F. A., R. P. Salomão, & C. M. R. Albuquerque. 2019a. Pattern of scorpion diversity across a bioclimatic dry–wet gradient in Neotropical forests. Acta Oecologica, 96: 10–17.
Liu, J., M. Vellend, Z. Wang, & M. Yu. 2018. High beta diversity among small islands is due to environmental heterogeneity rather than ecological drift. Journal of Biogeography, 45: 2252–2261.
Losos, J. B. 2010. Adaptive radiation, ecological opportunity, and evolutionary determinism: American society of naturalists E. O. Wilson award address. The American Naturalists, 175: 623–639.
Mahler, D. L., T. Ingram, L. J. Revell, & J. B. Losos. 2013. Exceptional convergence on the macroevolutionary landscape in Island lizard radiations. Science, 341: 292–295.
Mahler, D. L., L. J. Revell, R. E. Glor, & J. B. Losos. 2010. Ecological opportunity and the rate of morphological evolution in the diversification of greater Antillean Anoles: opportunity and rate in Anolis lizards. Evolution, 64: 2731–2745.
McArdle, B. H., & M. J. Anderson. 2001. Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance–based redundancy analysis. Ecology, 82: 290–297.
MacArthur, R. H., & E. O. Wilson. 1967. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Myers, N., R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, G. A. B. da Fonseca, & J. Kent. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 203: 853–858.
Mittelbach, G. G., & D. W. Schemske. 2015. Ecological and evolutionary perspectives on community assembly. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 30: 241–247.
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de Araújo Lira, A. F., Araújo Foerster, S. Ítalo, Medeiros DeSouza, A. ., & de Armas, L. F. (2022). Desenredando los patrones de diversidad de los escorpiones cubanos (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Novitates Caribaea, (19), 72–91. https://doi.org/10.33800/nc.vi19.290
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